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The objective of this course is to provide students with a deeper understanding of comparative management by examining how management systems differ across countries and institutional environments. The course introduces key theoretical frameworks used in comparative management and explores how national contexts shape organizational practices, human resource management, and firm performance.
In the first part of the course, students will study Japanese management systems, with particular attention to the Japanese production control system and kaizen (continuous improvement). Through this lens, the course examines how employee behavior, organizational practices, and national characteristics influence the success of continuous improvement initiatives and how such practices can be transferred across countries.
In the second part, students will explore major theories in comparative management, including the Varieties of Capitalism framework and emerging perspectives on state–enterprise relations and global economic change. Contemporary issues such as AI, geopolitical shifts, and the role of emerging economies will also be discussed.
By the end of the course, students will be able to critically analyze management systems from an international and comparative perspective and understand the opportunities and challenges involved in transferring management practices across national contexts.
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Part 1
1. Introduction of the Course: Explanation of syllabus and course structure
2. Japanese production control system
3. Japanese Management Systems: Kaizen
4. Difficulty in introducing Kaizen in organizations
5. Relationship between employee characteristics, Kaizen behavior, and outcomes
6. Kaizen performance and national characteristics
7. Issues in the international transfer of Kaizen
8. Midterm report
Part2
9. Introduction to the Second Part: Course structure and overview
10. Varieties of Capitalism (1): Liberal Market Economies
11. Varieties of Capitalism (2): Coordinated Market Economies
12. Varieties of Capitalism (3): Diverse National Business Systems
13. Beyond Varieties of Capitalism (1): State–Enterprise Relations
14. Beyond Varieties of Capitalism (2): Emerging Markets and the BRICS
15. The New Era of Comparative Management: AI, Geopolitics, and Marginalized Groups
16. Final-term Presentations
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Students are expected to complete the assigned readings before each class and prepare for in-class discussions. Prior preparation may include reading textbook chapters, academic articles, or other supplementary materials related to comparative management and international business systems. After each class, students should review lecture materials and organize their notes to consolidate their understanding of key concepts and theoretical frameworks. Additional independent reading and preparation may be required for assignments and presentations.
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After each session, students should review the lecture materials and class discussions to consolidate their understanding of key concepts. In addition, students are expected to conduct further literature review and independent study related to the course themes in preparation for the final report or presentation. Course credits are awarded based on the total learning time, including preparation and review outside of class.
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By the end of this course, students will be expected to achieve the following minimum learning outcomes:
Understand the basic theories and key concepts of comparative management.
Explain the characteristics of Japanese management systems, particularly the Japanese production control system and kaizen.
Describe how national institutional and cultural contexts influence management practices and organizational outcomes.
Identify the challenges involved in transferring management practices, such as kaizen, across national contexts.
Apply comparative perspectives to analyze management systems and organizational practices in different countries.
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Part 1
Attendance and class participation: 30%
Individual reports 30％
Mid-term report 40％
Part 2
Presentations: 30%
Attendance and class participation: 30%
Final-term report: 40%
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【成績評価の基準表】
| 秀(S) | 優(A) | 良(B) | 可(C) | 不可(F) |
| 履修目標を越えたレベルを達成している | 履修目標を達成している | 履修目標と到達目標の間にあるレベルを達成している | 到達目標を達成している | 到達目標を達成できていない |
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履修目標：授業で扱う内容（授業のねらい）を示す目標
到達目標：授業において最低限学生が身につける内容を示す目標
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【授業別ルーブリック】
| 評価項目 | 評価基準 |
| 期待している以上である | 十分に満足できる(履修目標) | やや努力を要する | 努力を要する(到達目標) | 相当の努力を要する |
| Class Participation | Actively contributes insightful comments and demonstrates strong engagement with course materials and discussions. | Regularly participates and shows good understanding of the assigned readings and lecture content. | Participates occasionally but contributions are limited or lack depth. | Rarely participates and demonstrates only basic understanding of the materials. | Does not participate or shows little evidence of understanding. |
| Presentation | Presentation is clear, well-structured, and demonstrates strong analytical and critical thinking skills with excellent use of literature. | Presentation is organized and demonstrates a good understanding of the topic and relevant literature. | Presentation shows basic understanding but lacks clarity, depth, or sufficient engagement with literature. | Presentation demonstrates minimal preparation and limited understanding of the topic. | Presentation is unclear, incomplete, or shows little understanding of the topic. |
| Written Report | Demonstrates outstanding analytical ability, strong theoretical integration, and clear, well-structured argumentation. | Demonstrates good understanding of theories and concepts with a coherent argument and appropriate use of literature. | Shows some understanding but analysis and argumentation remain limited or underdeveloped. | Demonstrates only basic understanding with limited analysis or structure. | Report is incomplete or fails to demonstrate basic understanding of course concepts. |
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The first part of the course will be conducted through a combination of lectures, class discussions, and student presentations. Visual materials such as slides and case examples will also be used to facilitate understanding of key concepts and theoretical frameworks.
Students are expected to actively participate in class discussions based on the assigned readings. In addition, students will give presentations on selected topics and submit written reports. A mid-term report will be required in the first part of the course, and students will complete a final report or presentation at the end of the course. These assignments are designed to help students apply theoretical perspectives to real-world management issues.
During the second half of the course, students will be expected to complete reading assignments and prepare summaries before each class. The required readings, including textbook chapters and academic articles, will be distributed in advance. Based on these readings, students will write summaries and, in some sessions, give presentations in the following class. Detailed information regarding the schedule and topics of the readings, summaries, and presentations will be explained in the first class.
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Varieties of Capitalism, Institutional Interactions, Mixed Market Economies, Kaizen, behaviour
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